![These Bubbles Don’t Aerate. They Mix. And a Clean-Water Plant Saves Big as a Result.](https://cole-tpomag.imgix.net/https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tpomag.com%2Fuploads%2Fimages%2Frichmond2.jpg?crop=focalpoint&fit=crop&fp-x=0.5&fp-y=0.5&h=620&ixlib=php-1.1.0&q=75&w=1024&s=81e3a1ed8a30b0cce5093fc94788440a)
The Richmond Wastewater Treatment Facility has a design flow of 18 mgd. The stair-step configuration of nine aeration treatment trains is visible at the right.
The Richmond Wastewater Treatment Facility was regularly meeting its permit limit of 1.0 mg/L effluent phosphorus.
The only trouble was that doing so required the addition of alum, which had once cost about $250,000, upstream of the final clarifiers.
To address that issue,...